JPG Amathuluzi

Guqula JPG kuya futhi kusuka kumafomethi ahlukahlukene

Mayelana JPG

Amafayela e-JPG asebenzisa ukucindezela okulahlekile okwenzelwe izithombe, okunikeza osayizi abancane bamafayela ngenkathi kugcinwa ikhwalithi yokubuka.

Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile

Ukwabelana ngezithombe ku-inthanethi nange-imeyili
Ukubonisa izithombe kumawebhusayithi
Ukugcinwa kwezithombe zedijithali ezinyangeni

JPG Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Yokuguqulwa

Yini ihele JPG?

I-JPG (JPEG) ifomethi yesithombe esebenzisa ukucindezela okulahlekile, efanelekile ezithombeni nasezithombeni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ingabe i-JPG ifana ne-JPEG?

Izinto ezifanayo: isilinganiso esisodwa, i-bitstream eyodwa, ukubhaliwe okumibili. Isibonisi esithathu-sibhalwe phansi sikhona ngoba i-DOS yangaphambilini ivumela kuphela izimpawu ezintathu, futhi isibonisi esithathu-sibhalwe phansi siyisisekelo. Ukushintsha igama lefayela kusuka kusinye kuye kwabanye akushintshi noma yini futhi akunciphisi noma yini, futhi ikhamera ngayinye, isiphequluli kanye nomhleli ufunda zombili. Into eyodwa ehlukile ukuthi isofthiwe inzima ngokwanele ukuphatha ifayela ngesibonisi sayo. I-JPG iyisimo se-JPEG esijwayelekile kusukela ngo-1992, futhi ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu ihlala iyisimo esisetshenziswa amakhamera amaningi namanye amawebhusayithi asebenzisa ama-photos.

Ingabe ukulondoloza kabusha i JPG kwenza kube nzima ngaso sonke isikhathi?

Yebo, futhi lokho kuyinto eyodwa efanele ukwazi mayelana nefomethi. Ukugcina ngalunye kuphinde kuqhube umbhalo odlulile kusithombe esivele sidlule kulo, ngakho-ke ama-artefacts axhunywe - abonakala njenge-blocking ngaphesheya kombhalo kanye nama-haloes ezindongeni eziqinile ngemuva kwekhulu elincane leminyaka. Hlela kusuka ku-master engalahleki futhi ukhuphule ku JPG kabili, ekugcineni, endaweni yokuvula futhi ugcine kabusha ifayela elifanayo. I-JPG ilahlekelwa yisimo: isithombe siguqulwa nge-DCT, silinganiselwe, futhi sikhonjiswa nge-entropiya, nge-nobhu wobude olawula ukuthi yini elahlekile.

Kungani zonke ikhamera nefoni ziminikeza JPG?

Ngenxa yokuthi iyifomethi i-photographic chain yonke ihlala eminyakeni eminingi edlule, futhi akukho okuzosiza ukuvimbela ukuhambisana kwe-camera maker. I-data yesenzo iphathwa futhi ikhodwe kwi-camera, ku-quality setting ehlotshiswe kwimenyu, futhi okusetshenziswe kwikhadi liyisithombe esiqediwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuguqulwa lokuqala lwesithombe akuyona inqubekela phambili elahlekile abantu abakhathazekile ngayo — inqubekela phambili elahlekile idlule, ngaphakathi kwe-camera.

Yini isilungiselelo sekhwalithi okufanele ngiyisebenzise uma ngiguqula ku JPG?

Ngaphakathi kuka-80 no-90 nganoma yini umuntu uzoyibheka. Ngaphansi kuka-75 i-artefacts iqala ukubonisa kusikhumba, izulu kanye nanoma iyiphi indawo enkulu ehlanzekile; ngaphesheya kuka-95 ihele likhula ngokushesha ngenkathi akukho muntu okwaziyo ukubona ushintsho. Isilungiselelo asiyimpahla yesithombe, kuyisinqumo mayelana nale mpahla engaphandle ekhethekile — ngakho khetha lapho ihele lizohamba khona, futhi gcina okuyinhloko ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho ufuna impendulo ehlukile.

Kungani isizinda sami esicacile sishintsha sibe mhlophe ku JPG?

Ngenxa yokuthi JPG ayinaso isixhumi se-alpha sokugcina. I-pixel ngayinye kufanele ibe nombala oqinile, ngakho ukubukeka okucacile kuhlanganisene nendawo yangaphambili - okumhlophe ngokuzenzakalela - ngesikhathi ihele libhalwe. Akukho okuzobuyiselwa emuva. Uma isithombe sidinga ukuhlala kwikhasi elimnyama noma ngaphezulu kwesithombe, guqula kufomethi egcina ukubukeka okucacile endaweni. I-JPG ayinayo ukubukeka okucacile, ikhuphuka kancane ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho igcinwa kabusha, futhi ikhiqiza ukuvala okubonakalayo kumbala ophansi nombhalo oqinile.

Ingabe JPG igcina umbala we-CMYK wokuphrinta?

Kungenza, ngakho amafayela ephrinta asuka emithonjeni yomsebenzi avame ukubukeka ahlukile kusikrini: amamibala acaciswa ngezinga le-ink elisengxenyeni ye-press kune-light ye-monitor. Amafomethi amaningi we-web-facing yi-RGB kuphela, ngakho ukuguqulwa kufanele kuguqulwe, futhi ukuguqulwa kulinganiselwa — u-cyan ogcwele no-orange ushintsho kakhulu. Kunoma yini ehamba kuphrinta, gcina okususelwa kunoma yini oguqula.

Ingabe kubaluleke ukuthi JPG ingaphezu kweminyaka engu-30?

Ubudala bukhona akuyona inkinga - amafomethi amaningi onyaka akhona alungile, ngokucacile ngoba konke kudlule iminyaka eminingi ukuwafaka. Okubalulekile ukuthi unyaka uthathe isinqumo: amafayela amancane, amaprosesa aphansi, akukho nethiwekhi, futhi amakhono angeke afune umuntu. lapho amanani ahlala khona, ifomu lilungile. lapho ayikho, lena yisizathu sokushintsha.

Ingabe ikhamera nendawo yedatha yemeta igcinwa uma ngiguqula i JPG?

Ithwala lapho ifomethi efuna ukufinyelela isekela khona - imodeli yekhamera, ukuboniswa, isikhathi sokuqoqa, kanye ne-GPS coordinates uma isisetshenziswa sizorekhoda. Le yamuva ifanele ukucabanga ngaphambi kokuthunyelwe: isithombe esihamba phambili esisuka kufoni singathwala indawo efanele ethathwe. Nciphisa i-metadata ngesikhathi sokushintshana uma isithombe sihamba endaweni esemthethweni.

Ingabe ngisebenzisa JPG ngokuqondile kwikhasi le-web?

Yebo — wonke umsakazi okhona uyenza ngokusemthethweni, ngakho-ke adinga ikhophi engekho futhi adinga ukuguquka ngesikhathi sokushicilela. Imibuzo ekhona isisindo ngaphezu kokuxhasa: isithombe esifanayo kwifomethi yewebhu yamanje sivame ukuba isithathu sobukhulu ngekhwalithi ebonakalayo efanayo, okudinga ukukwenziwa nganoma yini ebonakala phezulu kwe-fold. I-JPG icindezela izithombe ezijwayelekile ngokuhle futhi ifundeka nganoma iyiphi idivayisi, isiphequluli nephrinta ekhona.

Ingabe ngingenza ngiphinde ngibize isiqephu endaweni yokushintsha JPG?

Kunzima kakhulu, futhi kufanelekile ukuqonda ukuthi kungani: isithonjana siyisihloko, ngenkathi ama-bytes ngaphakathi kufakwe ngefomethi eyodwa ekhethekile. Ukushintsha igama kwenza ihele igama lakhe lithembisa okuthile okuqukethwe kwayo akusho ukunikela, futhi noma yini evula ihele noma liyiphoqa noma liyifunda kabi. Ukuphela kwephutha elincane yifomethi ezimbili ezikhona ngokusemthethweni ibhokisi elifanayo ngaphansi kwezinhlamvu ezahlukene — futhi ngisho lapho ukuphinda ubhale kahle kuphephile kunalokho ukushintsha igama.

Ingabe ngiguqula isibaya esigcwele se JPG amafayela ngasikhathi sinye?

Nge-akhawunti, yebo — khiphana ndawonye futhi zibekwe njengemisebenzi eyodwa endaweni yokuphathwa ngayinye ngasikhathi sinye, ngezinhlelo ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa ngaphesheya kweqembu futhi izimpendulo zibuyiselwe ndawonye. Ukuguquka okumahhala kusebenza ihele elilodwa ngasikhathi sinye (amathuluzi okuxhuma athatha amabini); i-plan ekhokhelwa yilokho okuvulela ukuqhubekeka kweqembu kanye nobukhulu bomgwaqo wefayela ngalinye, okukwenza ukuguquka kwehele lonke lisebenze.